{"doc_desc":{"title":"Intergrated Labour Force Survey 2000-2001","idno":"TZA -NBS-ILSF-2000-2001v01","producers":[{"name":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","abbreviation":"NBS","affiliation":"MINISTRY OF FINANCE","role":"DATA PRODUCER"},{"name":"MINISTRY OF LABOUR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS","abbreviation":"MLYD&S","role":"TECHINICAL ASSISTANCE"}],"prod_date":"2010-01-07","version_statement":{"version":"Version 1.0"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"TZA-NBS-ILFS-2000-2001V01","title":"Intergrated Labour Force Survey 2000-2001","alt_title":"ILFS2000-2001"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"NATIONAL BURAU OF STATISTICS","affiliation":"MINISTRY OF FINANCE"}],"oth_id":[{"name":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS"},{"name":"MINSTRY OF LABOUR YOUTH DEVELOPMENT AND SPORTS"},{"name":"INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION","role":"financing this survey "}],"production_statement":{"producers":[{"name":"MINISTRY OF LABOUR YOUTH DEVELOPEMENT AND SPORTS","role":"Technical Assistance"}],"copyright":"(c) 2002,NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","funding_agencies":[{"name":"DANISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AGENCY","abbreviation":"DANIDA","role":"financing this survey "},{"name":"INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION","abbreviation":"ILO","role":"financing this survey "}]},"distribution_statement":{"distributors":[{"name":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS"}],"contact":[{"name":"DIRECTOR GENERAL","affiliation":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","email":"dg@nbs.go.tz","uri":"www.nbs.go.tz"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Child Labor Survey [hh\/cls]","series_info":"Labour Force Survey (LFS) in National dates back to 1965 when the first survey was conducted through support by Ford Foundation to the Government of the United Republic of National. Only Mainland Tanzania was covered. The aim of the survey was to provide benchmark data, both qualitative and quantitative, on some of the characteristics of the labour supply with a view of formulating Government's training and employment policies geared to self sufficiency in manpower by the year 1970.\n\nIn 1990\/91 the Government conducted the second Labour Force Survey in order to respond to the persistent need for the labour market information. The coverage was Mainland Tanzania.\n\nThe 2000\/01 Integrated Labour Force Survey (ILFS) is the first comprehensive integrated survey of its kind since independence. The survey is comprised of three modules: the general Labour Force, Child Labour and Informal Sector. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) was contracted by the Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports (MOLYDS) to conduct the survey. Initial preparations for the survey started in January 2000 and the memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the NBS and MOLYDS was signed in April 2000. The coverage was also Mainland Tanzania."},"version_statement":{"version":"Version v0.1","version_date":"2002-01"},"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT [3]"}],"topics":[{"topic":"LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT [3]","vocab":"CESSDA","uri":"http:\/\/www.nesstar.org\/rdf\/common"}],"abstract":"The survey covered individuals aged five years and above living in private households. Individuals\nliving in institutions such as hospitals, army barracks, prisons, etc. were excluded from the survey.\nAlso excluded were households of diplomatic personnel accredited to Tanzania. Data were\ncollected for a period of twelve months on a quarterly basis. This was aimed at capturing seasonal\nvariations since the economic activities on Mainland Tanzania particularly in the rural areas show\nseasonal variations. Data collection started in May 2000 and continued until 30th April 2001, with\napproximately equal numbers of households being covered each quarter. Processing of data started\nas soon as forms were received from the field. Clean final data were produced during the second\nweek of July 2001 and report writing started immediately. For analysis purposes it was decided to\ntake 10 years and above in order to make the results compared with those of the 1990\/91 Labour\nForce Survey. Those who fell in the age group 5 \u2013 9 were covered in the child labour report, which\nanalysed all persons aged 5 \u2013 17 years\n\nThe broad objective of the Integrated Labour Force Survey is to obtain comprehensive data on the current status of National Labour Market. Broadly the survey provides base line data on the socio-economic characteristics of the labour force, informal sector activities and activities of the child population in National for use in planning, policy implementation, monitoring and evaluation of government programmes aimed at improving the livelihood of the population and status of children.\n\nThe specific objectives are as follows:\n\n(i)\tTo measure the extent of unemployment and underemployment in the country\n(ii)\tTo provide measures of both current and usual economic activities\n(iii)\tTo obtain a measure of the size of employment in the informal sector\n(iv)\tTo provide a measure of cash income from non- agricultural employment of all types\n(v)\tTo collect information on the character, nature, size and reasons for having child labour in Tanzania, and to determine conditions of work and their effects on the normal development of working children\n(vi)\tCreate a Database on Child Labour in the country which will be updated as fresh statistical information becomes available through surveys and administrative records            \nTo identify and measure changes that have taken place since the last survey.","time_periods":[{"start":"2000","end":"2001"}],"coll_dates":[{"start":"2000","end":"2001"}],"nation":[{"name":"TANZANIA","abbreviation":"TZA"}],"geog_coverage":"TANZANIA MAINLAND","geog_unit":"CLUSTER","analysis_unit":"Household and individuals","universe":"individuals aged five years and above living in private households","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]","notes":"The scope of  child labour survey\nhousehold -EARNINGS AND HOURS OF WORK , LIST OF ALL USUAL RESIDENTS ,HOUSE HOLD ECONOMIC ,FULLY\/UNDER EMPLOYED, Identification:\n-"},"method":{"data_collection":{"time_method":"Data collection started in May 2000 and continued until 30th April 2001,","data_collectors":[{"name":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","abbreviation":"NBS","affiliation":"MINISTRY OF FINANCE"}],"sampling_procedure":"Frame of the Sample \n\n \tThe sampling frame for the current NMS is based on the preliminary results of the 1988 population census. For the 2000\/01 ILFS the primary sampling unit (PSU) was the village for the rural and EA for urban areas respectively. A probability proportional to size without replacement (ppswor) - systematic sampling procedure was used for the selection of PSU. About two months before the commencement of the field work a household listing exercise was done from mid February 2000 to mid March 2000 on the NMS clusters taking about two weeks. All households within each cluster were listed. The household listings gave the sampling frame of households for each cluster. \n\n  All listed sample clusters were sent to the NBS headquarters for household selection. The lists of households were aggregated into three sizes of household members.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nLike in 1990\/91, this survey has included urban agriculture, livestock keeping and fishing in the definition to enable data comparison of the two surveys.\n\nThe working definition for the 2000\/01 Survey slightly differs from the one used in 1990\/91 in that while in the former survey all informal sector activities had to have a maximum of five paid employees, in the last survey, the number of paid employees in the construction, manufacturing and mining sectors was raised to a maximum of 10 paid employees. The remaining sectors had a maximum of five paid employees, like in 1990\/91.\n\n4.2\tSample Size\n\n(a)\tRural sample\nFor the rural sample two villages were selected from each of the 50 super strata. This gave a total of 100 villages. From each selected village a sample of 80 households was drawn and for each household size the following allocation was done:\n\nTable 4.1:   Rural Sample: Selected Households According to Household Size\nHousehold size\t  Selected households\t\n1 - 4\t   26\t\n5 - 7\t   27\t\n8+\t   27\t\nTotal\t   80\t\n\nThe allocation was 20 households per quarter. This was done by dividing each group of household size by 4 to get the number of households to be interviewed per household size for each quarter, and this depended on the number of households per household size.\n\n(b)\tUrban sample\nA total of 122 urban enumeration areas were selected using systematic sampling procedure. The EAs were then allocated per income level as follows;\n\nHigh income EAs ( clusters) \t\t- \t35 households\nMiddle income clusters\t\t\t-\t33 households\nLow income clusters\t\t\t-\t30 households","coll_mode":["Face-to-face [f2f]"],"research_instrument":"The questionnaire design is, of course, a key activity in any survey. The 2000\/01 ILFS questionnaire design was relatively simple given that it had all features of the 1990\/91 labour force survey questionnaire, except that one copy of the new questionnaire can accommodate up to five members of a household instead of one. Two additional questionnaires CLS1 and CLS2 were included in the 2000\/01 survey in order to collect information relating to child labour. Major innovations made to the questionnaire by the technical committee before its final version was printed are as follows:\n\nThe statement \u201clist of all members of the household\u201d on LFS1 questionnaire in column 2 was added.\n\nThe wording of question no 56 was changed to: \u201cAre the benefits\/earnings from this work appropriate in terms of hours under normal circumstances\u201d.\n\nCoding of Question 3.1 in CLS1 under the less than 3 hours was split into two separate codes as follows:-\nLess than 1 hour each day and\n1 - 2 hours, each day.\nThe reason being that the period was too long to capture information of working children.\n\nMore questions on informal sector were recommended and it was agreed to include \nthem in the final questionnaire \t\nPilot test of the Questionnaire\n\nPilot test of the questionnaire was conducted in Bagamoyo from 15\/02\/2000 to 25\/02\/2000. However, preparation for the fieldwork started two weeks before the pilot test. Special \npermission was obtained from the Pwani Regional Administrative Office. Sensitization in Pilot areas started immediately after District and village officials were consulted.\n \nTraining of the LFS\/CLS pilot test field personnel took place at the Bagamoyo MANTEP Institute from 15th February 2000 to 24th February 2000. The training included thorough classroom mock interviews and field practice at Kilomo village and Dunda enumeration area. The pilot survey management staff (all from NBS) included five subject matter specialists as trainers and 12 potential supervisors as trainees. Trainees were provided with instruction manuals in Kiswahili and were exposed to interview techniques, consistency checks and adherence to skip patterns.\n\nPrinting of Questionnaires\n\nDuring the first week of April 2000, about 4,500 questionnaires were printed to cover the requirement for training of interviewers and first quarter enumeration exercise. Additional 13,200 questionnaires were printed to cover the requirement of the second, third and fourth quarters of the survey. All printing activities were done at the census printing unit and this helped speed up delivery of the first batch of questionnaires and instruction manuals","coll_situation":"Training of Trainers\n\nA Training session for Trainers for the Integrated Labour Force Survey was held at Kibaha from 4th April to 9th April 2000. Two-core secretariats from the Statistics Unit in the Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports were the main trainers. A total of 35 participants from The National Bureau of Statistics, Planning Commission and the Statistics Unit of the Ministry of Labour, Youth Development and Sports attended the seminar. The training session, which consisted of classroom lectures, discussions and practical programmes, comprised of the following:\nBackground and objectives of the ILFS in National\nResponsibilities of supervisors and enumerators\nMethods of filling in the questionnaires\nField practicals\n\nDuring the fieldwork practicals, trainees were taken to the nearby urban and rural areas, where prior appointments had been made with the households to be interviewed, one or two days before the interviews. Few problems were encountered during training, which led to changing the layout of the questionnaire.\n\n \tIt was recommended that all surveys conducted by the NBS should have standard definitions and uniform concepts such as those related to Household definition, Literacy, Education level, Marital status, etc, in order to allow for comparison.","act_min":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","cleaning_operations":"Manual editing and coding\n\nThe Editing Manual was prepared and a special training session of five days was conducted from 24th July to 28th July 2000 to train editors.\n\nA team of eight persons including subject matter officers was formed to undertake manual editing and coding of the questionnaires received from the regions. A special procedure for receiving questionnaires from the regions was set up. One person was assigned the task of recording the questionnaires as they arrived from different regions.\n\nThe ILFS questionnaire was very complex and required considerable diligence in editing and coding. \n\nMajor tasks of editors and coders were: -\n\nTo check if all questionnaires of a household were present.\nTo check each questionnaire for completeness, and make imputation if necessary.\nTo code for TASCO, ISIC and Subject of Training in all relevant questions.\nTo check \u201cother\u201d categories in questions to see if they could be re-allocated to a specific category.\nTo check sequence, completeness and consistency in both Labour Force (1990\/91 and 2000\/01) general questionnaire and child labour questions.\n\nIn general the manual editors and coders did not do their work well. Many errors were spotted later during computer edits. As a result the Computer editors took considerable time cleaning the data.\n\nFrequencies and Checks of Data\n\nFrequency tables of all the questions were prepared after the completion of data cleaning activity for each Quarter. These frequency tables assisted in locating and detecting extra errors, which were relatively much fewer. Although using QUICKTAB - a component of \nIMPS application could produce frequency tables, however, all tables were produced using an SPSS package. \n  \nExtensive series of computer edits using IMPS-CONCOR a component of IMPS application was found to be more efficient and time saving than other types of edits. Several cycles were necessary before each quarter was clear of errors. Editing on the screen was faster and enabled one to edit several types of errors at once. Frequencies of all questions and table checks were run as soon as data cleaning was over. This facilitated locating unusual values, which were not picked up by computer edits. \n\nTable 8.2: Summary of some results obtained from the frequency tables of the cleaned data for the four quarters\nDescriptions\t\t\t       \tQ1\t    \tQ2\t\t    Q3\t\t            Q4\nNo. of clusters involved\t     \t     133\t\t   132\t\t   130\t\t           127\nNo. of House-holds interviewed\t  2,982\t\t2,984\t\t 2,892\t\t        2,824\nFully responding House-holds\t  2,963\t\t2,874\t\t 2,757\t\t        2,664\nNot fully responded\t\t     \t     119\t\t   110\t\t    135\t\t           160\nNo. of Household members\t\t16,256\t          16,261\t           15,478\t\t      14,744\nAverage Household size\t\t    5.68\t\t  5.66\t\t   5.61\t\t          5.53\nPercentage non- response\t   \t    4.00\t\t  3.70\t\t   4.70\t\t          5.70\n\nSome unusual results that were spotted are as follows:\n\nThere were \u201cprofessionals \u201c with average monthly income as low as shs. 3,500\/=\nPersons employed in Central \/Local Government with Monthly income below shs. 1000\/=  were spotted.\nAll the unusual values were crosschecked on the original questionnaires and necessary changes were made to rectify them.\n\n8.5\tData Processing and Tabulation\n\nTabulation was done using a statistical package called SPSS. This package stores data files in fixed record length formats. Information from different sections of the survey questionnaires was stored in one ASCII file. Record types distinguish the different sections that had varying record lengths.  So the ASCII file was divided into eight ASCII files each with a fixed record length. These were later exported into SPSS format together with the sampling weight file. \n\nNote that under the recommendations of the computer experts, the SPSS and not the CENTS - a component of IMPS software was applied in the tabulation and analysis due to the problem of round off of the weighting program. Using SPSS minimized this problem. Some of the Tables produced in SPSS needed some improvements. Therefore they were copied into MS EXCEL worksheets and customized.  \n\nThe process of deriving variables and merging files required for tabulation was done using an SPSS program (called lfs01-9.sps). Problems of missing values were encountered in derived variables. Modifying and improving the definitions was solved by the subject matter experts. In addition to that some variables had many categories or values which generated long tables. This problem was solved by deriving variables that group together the individual categories or variables.","method_notes":"8.2\tData entry\n\nData entry was done on eight PCs. Six data entry staffs were trained in the ILFS data entry procedures for four days. Two subject matter officers were present during data entry to make sure that no problems would remain unsolved during the data entry and were responsible for backups of data each day. The actual processing of data for the first and second quarters started in October instead of August 2000 as it was earlier planned. This happened due to a number of factors:\nDelay in recruitment of a computer system designer, which was to be carried out in March 2000, but it did not take place as planned. This would have enabled the National Bureau of Statistics to design computer systems for data entry and processing early.\nProject funds were received late in April and June 2000. This affected the planned timetable, since hiring of data entry personnel had to wait for the availability of funds.\nProcessing of the data for last two quarters progressed well and by 19th May 2001 all data editing and entry was completed.\n\n8.3\tData control and computer editing\n\nThe work of developing a good computer edit program took considerable time due to the complexity of both the LFS and CLS questionnaires. The Officers who were dealing with the development of this program took time to study first the software, design and implementing the programs.\n\nData cleaning programs were developed in November 2000. The entry and cleaning of data for the first quarter were completed by 22nd February 2001. Data cleaning for the first quarter CLS questionnaires was difficult due to the fact that these questionnaires had many skips. \n\nThe following errors were detected during data cleaning exercise:\n\nWrong edits of questionnaires and coding \nMiss-keying in of data by data entry personnel\nErrors due to computer editing - these errors were accidentally committed during computer edit operations and they were detected by use of the frequency tables.\n\nAfter detecting these problems the data processing team instituted the following guidelines to be followed by data control personnel: -\n\n All codes entered were to be cross -checked making sure those correct codes for TASCO, ISIC and subject of training are entered in their respective positions and corresponding questions.\n Household members listed in the LFS1 page two should be in serial order making sure that all children under 5 years are at the bottom of the list.\n Household members in LFS2 should also be in serial order with no gaps. This was to avoid execution errors when running a program.\n\n\nTable 8.1: Summary of errors in percentages between uncleaned questionnaires per quarter for the whole survey period\n\nDescription\tQuarter 1\tQuarter 2\tQuarter 3\tQuarter 4\t\nPercentage of non- response\t4.0\t4.0\t4.5\t5.7\t\nEstimated error messages \t32,000\t17,000\t9,000\t5,000\t\nPercentage flagged in LFS\t70\t50\t45\t53\t\nPercentage flagged in CLS\t30\t50\t55\t47\t\nWrongly skipped LFS2 Q4\t4.5\t2.2\t2.1\t0.2\t\nWrongly left blank Q17 or 34 \t1.6\t1.0\t0.5\t0.2\t\n\nAs can be seen in the table above the number of error messages flagged in Q1 questionnaires when compared with those flagged in Q2, Q3 and Q4 questionnaires separately, the magnitude of errors diminished due to the fact that frequent retraining during supervision helped a lot to minimize these errors."},"analysis_info":{"sampling_error_estimates":"The sampling procedure for both the urban and rural samples suggests good estimates at national, and cluster levels. Regional estimates can also be worked out. For urban sample it is possible to get estimates for the three domains of study, i.e. Dar Es Salaam city, nine municipalities and other towns. Estimation of individual towns and households' sizes can also be obtained by some imputation methods"}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of respodents is guaranteed by section 20 of Tanzania Statistics act number 1 of 2002\nBefore being granted access to the dataset, all users have formally agree:\n1.all identifying information such as the name and address of respondent has been removed; and\n2.the information is disclosed in a manner that is not likely to enable the identification of the \nparticular person or undertaking or business to which it relates.\n3.not attempt to identify any particular person or undertaking or business;\n4.use of information for research or statistically purpose only;\n5.not to disclose the information to any other person, organization\n6.when required by the Director General, return all documents made available to him to the Director General;\n7.comply with the directions given by the Director General relating to the records.\n8.every person involved in the research or statistical project for which information is disclosed pursuant to this section shall make the declaration of secrecy set out in the first schedule.","required":"yes"}],"contact":[{"name":"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS","affiliation":"MINISTRY OF FINANCE","email":" info@ nbs.go.tz  ","uri":"www.nbs.go.tz"}],"cit_req":"\"NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS, INTEGRATED LABOUR FORCE SURVEY 2000-2001(ILFS 2000-2001) VERSION 1.0 OF THE PUBLIC USE DATASET(JANUARY 2002) PROVIDED BY NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS, www.nbs.go.tz\"","conditions":"The dataset has been anonymized and available as a public use dataset. It accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:\n1.The data and other material will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organization without the written agreement of the National Bureau of Statistics.\n2.The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.\n3.No attempt will be made to produce links among dataset provided by the National Bureau of Statistics, or among data from the (National Bureau of Statistics) and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations\n4.No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identify of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to the National Bureau of Statistics.\n5.Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.","disclaimer":"The user of the data should acknowledges that, National Bureau of Statistics is the original collector of the data , the authorised distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences without a written agreement from the National Bureau of Statistics\""}}},"schematype":"survey"}